【英文标准名称】:Electricalinstallationsofbuildings.Part4:Protectionforsafety.Chapter42:Protectionagainstthermaleffects
【原文标准名称】:建筑物的电气设施.第4部分:安全防护.第42章:热效应保护
【标准号】:IEC60364-4-42-1980
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1980
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/TC64
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电气工程;建筑物;电气保护设备;电力设备;保护设备;热防护
【英文主题词】:thermalprotection;electricalinstallations;protectiondevices;electricalengineering;buildings;electricalprotectionequipment
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:P91
【国际标准分类号】:91_140_50;91_120_10
【页数】:9P;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:TestMethodforDeterminationofIndividualComponentsinSparkIgnitionEngineFuelsby50MeterCapillaryHighResolutionGasChromatography
【原文标准名称】:采用50米毛细管高分辨气相色谱法测定火花点火式发动机燃油中单个元素的方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD6733-2001
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ANSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:机动车燃料;试验;材料试验;气相色谱法
【英文主题词】:Analyticalmethods;Automotivefuels;Capillary;Components;Determination;Fuels;Gaschromatography;Gases;Ignition;Individual;Liquidfuels;Materialstesting;Meterprovers;Physico-chemicalmethods;Resolution;Sparkignitions;Spark-ignitionengines;Testing
【摘要】:Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofindividualhydrocarboncomponentsofspark-ignitionenginefuelswithboilingrangesupto225?C.Otherlightliquidhydrocarbonmixturestypicallyencounteredinpetroleumrefiningoperations,suchas,blendingstocks(naphthas,reformates,alkylates,andsoforth)mayalsobeanalyzed;however,statisticaldatawasobtainedonlywithblendedspark-ignitionenginefuels.Thetablesinenumeratethecomponentsreported.Componentconcentrationsaredeterminedintherangefrom0.10to15mass%.Theproceduremaybeapplicabletohigherandlowerconcentrationsfortheindividualcomponents;however,theusermustverifytheaccuracyiftheproceduresareusedforcomponentswithconcentrationsoutsidethespecifiedranges.Thistestmethodisapplicablealsotospark-ignitionenginefuelblendscontainingoxygenatedcomponents.However,inthiscase,theoxygenatecontentmustbedeterminedbyTestMethodsD5599orD4815.Benzeneco-eluteswith1-methylcyclopentene.BenzenecontentmustbedeterminedbyTestMethodD3606orD5580.Tolueneco-eluteswith2,3,3-trimethylpentane.ToluenecontentmustbedeterminedbyTestMethodD3606orD5580.Althoughamajorityoftheindividualhydrocarbonspresentaredetermined,someco-elutionofcompoundsisencountered.Ifthisprocedureisutilizedtoestimatebulkhydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA)theuserofsuchdatashouldbecautionedthaterrormaybeencounteredduetoco-elutionandalackofidentificationofallcomponentspresent.Samplescontainingsignificantamountsofnaphthenic(forexample,virginnaphthas)constituentsaboven-octanemayreflectsignificanterrorsinPONAtypegroupings.Basedontheinterlaboratorycooperativestudy,thisprocedureisapplicabletosampleshavingconcentrationsofolefinslessthan20mass%.However,significantinterferingcoelutionwiththeolefinsaboveC7ispossible,particularlyifblendingcomponentsortheirhigherboilingcutssuchasthosederivedfromfluidcatalyticcracking(FCC)areanalyzed,andthetotalolefincontentmaynotbeaccurate.Manyoftheolefinsinsparkignitionfuelsareataconcentrationbelow0.10%;theyarenotreportedbythistestmethodandmaybiasthetotalolefinresultslow.Totalolefinsinthesamplesmaybeobtainedorconfirmed,orboth,byTestMethodD1319(volume%)orothertestmethods,suchasthosebasedonmultidimensionalPONAtypeofinstruments.Ifwaterisorissuspectedofbeingpresent,itsconcentrationmaybedetermined,ifdesired,bytheuseofTestMethodD1744.Othercompoundscontainingsulfur,nitrogen,andsoforth,mayalsobepresent,andmayco-elutewiththehydrocarbons.Ifdeterminationofthesespecificcompoundsisrequired,itisrecommendedthattestmethodsforthesespecificmaterialsbeused,suchasTestMethodD5623forsulfurcompounds.ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareprovidedforinformationonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_50;75_160_20
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语